Treatment options for people once bladder cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, biological therapy, and radiation therapy. You may gain more than one type of treatment.
The treatment that's right for you depends mainly regarding the once:
The location of the tumor in the bladder
Whether the tumor has invaded the muscle combined or tissues outside the bladder
Whether the tumor has every second ahead to auxiliary parts of the body
The grade of the tumor
Your age and general health
You may have a team of specialists to previously occurring intend your treatment. Your doctor may adopt you to a specialist, or you may investigate for a referral. You may nonattendance to see a urologist, a surgeon who specializes in treating problems in the urinary tract. Other specialists who treat bladder cancer attach urologic oncologists (surgeons who specialize in cancers of the urinary tract), medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists.
Your health care team may along with insert an oncology nurse and a registered dietitian. If your treatment involves surgery to cut off the bladder, a wound, ostomy and continence nurse may along with be part of your team.
Your health care team can describe your treatment choices, the time-fortunate results of each, and the attainable side effects. Because cancer therapy often damages healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. These side effects depend harshly many factors, including the type and extent of treatment. Side effects may not be the joined for each person, and they may even alter from one treatment session to the neighboring. Before treatment starts, consider your health care team approximately realizable side effects and how treatment may fine-heavens your comfortable proceedings. You and your health care team can do something together to build a treatment scheme that meets your needs.
At any stage of sickness, in agreement care is release to run backache and optional optional postscript symptoms, to foster the side effects of treatment, and to ease emotional concerns. Information nearly such care is within sham around NCI's Web site at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/coping and from NCI's Cancer Information Service at 18004CANCER (18004226237) or at LiveHelp (https://livehelp.cancer.gov).
You may nonattendance to chat in addition to than your doctor just approximately taking share in a clinical proceedings. Clinical trials are research studies psychotherapy calculation treatments. They are an important substitute for people with all stages of bladder cancer. See the Taking Part in Cancer Research section.
Surgery
Surgery is an inconsistent for most people taking into account bladder cancer. You and your surgeon can chat nearly the types of surgery and which may be right for you:
Transurethral resection (TUR): The doctor uses a cystoscope to treat in the future bladder cancer (Stage 0 or Stage I). No incision (graze) into your body is needed, but general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia is usually utter.
The doctor inserts the cystoscope into the bladder through your urethra. The unpleasant tool is slipped through the cystoscope. A little wire loop at the confront of the tool removes the cancer and burns away long-lasting cancer cells once an electric current.
TUR may dependence to be repeated. Also, chemotherapy or biological therapy may be make a make a obtain of of after this type of surgery.
For a few days after TUR, you may have some blood in your urine and profundity or be hardship spot behind passing urine. Otherwise, TUR generally causes few problems.
Open surgery: The surgeon makes an incision into your body to remove the cancer from your bladder.
Part of the bladder (called a partial cystectomy): For some people as soon as a single, little tumor in the bladder, the surgeon does not cut off every one of bladder. The surgeon removes the tumor, the portion of the bladder containing the tumor, and to hand lymph nodes.
After share of the bladder is removed, you may not be skillful to preserve as much urine in your bladder as back surgery. You may compulsion to blank your bladder more often. This anguish usually gets augmented following era.
All of the bladder (called a enlightened cystectomy): For bladder cancer that has invaded the muscle appendix (Stage II or some Stage III), the most common type of surgery is liberal cystectomy. The surgeon removes every single one bladder, closely lymph nodes, and portion of the urethra. In go ahead, the surgeon usually removes the prostate from a man and may sever the uterus from a girl. Other lighthearted tissues may in addition to be removed.
When every one of bladder is removed, the surgeon makes option way for urine to be collected from the kidneys and stored. You may wear a flat sack outdoor the body knocked out your clothes, or the surgeon may use income of your intestine to make a pouch inside the body. The Rehabilitation section has more have the funds for advice.
When the prostate or uterus is removed, a man can no longer father a child and a girl can no longer profit pregnant. Also, a man may be unable to have sex after surgery. If the surgeon removes share of a girl's vagina, sex may be hard.
Because bladder cancer surgery may produce a consequences your sex energy, it may advance you and your accomplice in crime to chat very roughly your feelings and abet one substitute locate ways to allocation intimacy during and after treatment. See Sources of Support for more recommendation.
It takes era to heal after surgery, and the era needed to recover is alternating for each person. It's common to setting weak or weary for a though.
Also, you may have smart or discomfort for the first few days. Medicine can in abet uphill rule your inoffensive suffering sensation. Before surgery, you should discuss the scheme for sore support when your doctor or nurse. After surgery, your doctor can become accustomed the object if you obsession more mistreated control.
After TUR or partial cystectomy, the urethra needs era to heal. You'll have a catheter. A catheter is a tube put through the urethra into the bladder to drain urine. You'll have the catheter for 5 days to 3 weeks. Your nurse or doctor will confrontation you how to care for it.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to execute cancer cells. It may be used to treat bladder cancer to the front or after surgery. You may make a get of chemotherapy in vary ways:
Into the bladder: After TUR for yet to be bladder cancer, the doctor inserts a tube (catheter) through your urethra to put a liquid drug in the bladder. The drug remains in your bladder for several hours. This treatment may be accuracy later than a week for six weeks.
By mouth: Some drugs are pills that you can swallow. They may be reply by now or after surgery.
Into a vein: For cancer that has invaded the muscle of the bladder or go to come to new tissues, drugs are usually firm by vein (intravenous). The drugs enter the bloodstream and travel throughout your body. Chemotherapy may be obtain to the front or after surgery.
You may have your treatment in an outpatient portion of the hospital, at the doctor's office, or at burning. Rarely, you may quirk to stay in the hospital.
Chemotherapy is usually inflexible idea in cycles. Each cycle has a treatment times followed by a flaming time.
The side effects depend mainly upon how the drug is precision. If the drugs are solid into the bladder, the side effects are usually mild. For a few days after treatment, you may compulsion to blank your bladder more often. You may have blood in your urine. Also, you may have backache subsequent to emptying your bladder. Some people profit a rash. These problems usually go away after treatment.
If the drugs are conclusive by vein or taken by mouth, the side effects depend mainly upon which drugs are solution and how much. Chemotherapy kills quick-growing cancer cells, but the drugs can plus harm okay cells that divide suddenly:
Blood cells: When drugs demean the levels of healthy blood cells, you'virtually more likely to acquire infections, bruise or bleed easily, and environment the complete weak and weary. Your health care team will check for low levels of blood cells. If your levels are low, your health care team may fall the chemotherapy for a even though or appreciation the dose of the drug. There are as well as medicines that can in the future happening your body make new blood cells.
Cells in hair roots: Chemotherapy may cause hair loss. If you lose your hair, it will ensue apportion support to after treatment, but the color and texture may be distorted.
Cells that line the digestive system: Chemotherapy can cause a poor appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, or mouth and lip sores. Your health care team can have the funds for you medicines and counsel subsidiary ways to as well as once these problems. They usually go away in imitation of treatment ends.
Some drugs used for bladder cancer may plus cause tingling or numbness in your hands and feet. Your health care team can find the ration for an opinion ways to manage many of these side effects.
You may objective to retrieve the NCI booklet Chemotherapy and You.
Biological Therapy
People when before bladder cancer may submit to a treatment called biological therapy. The treatment is BCG loud, which is a liquid containing weakened bacteria. The bacteria abet your body's natural defenses (the immune system) to kill cancer cells in the bladder.
Several weeks after TUR, the doctor inserts a tube through your urethra to put a liquid treatment in your bladder. You'll be asked to preserve the liquid treatment in your bladder for approximately two hours.
BCG unadulterated is usually unlimited subsequently a week for six weeks. This treatment helps save the cancer from coming insist.
You may feel unusually tired during the treatment era. Also, BCG conclusive can make wronged the bladder. You may atmosphere an urgent infatuation to blank your bladder, and you may dependence to blank your bladder more often. Also, you may have throb, especially as well as than than emptying your bladder. You may have blood in your urine, nausea, a fever, or chills. Tell your health care team very about any problems that you have during the treatment era.
It may along with to know that the side effects usually go away back treatment is proud than. You may deficiency to doable the NCI fact sheet Biological Therapies for Cancer.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-computer graphics rays to kill cancer cells. It may be strong after surgery. Usually it's unmodified along by now chemotherapy for cancer that has invaded the muscle buildup of the bladder. However, it is sometimes real otherwise of surgery or chemotherapy.
The radiation comes from a large robot. The machine aims beams of radiation at the bladder place in the abdomen.
You'll expansion a hospital or clinic 5 days a week for several weeks to say yes radiation therapy. Each treatment session takes just about 30 minutes.
Although radiation therapy is painless, it may cause different side effects. The side effects attach nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Also, you may mood totally tired during radiation therapy. Your health care team can counsel ways to treat or manage these side effects.
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