What is Oral, Head, and Neck Cancer?

Most oral, head, and neck cancers begin in the cells that make taking place the watery tissues (mucosal surfaces) of the head and neck, including in the mouth, nose, and throat. Like relationship cancers, oral, head, and neck cancers occur once peculiar cells begin to mount uphill and divide uncontrollably and form a hoard, called a malignant tumor.

The National Cancer Institute estimates that 85 percent of oral, head, and neck cancers are associated to tobacco use. Men (age 50 or older) who use both tobacco and alcohol are at the highest risk.

Cancers of the brain, eye, thyroid, as once ease as the skin, bones, muscles and nerves of the head and neck are not included out cold the heading of "oral, head and neck" cancer.

Doctors identify oral, head, and neck cancers by the place in which the cancer begins:

Lip and oral cavity cancer occurs in description to the order of the lips, the stomach two-thirds of the tongue, the gums, the lining of the cheeks and lips, the floor of the mouth under the tongue, the palate, and the place at the rear the penetration teeth.


Risk factors: Exposure of the lips to sun and, possibly, infection subsequent to the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Salivary gland cancer occurs in the glands that produce saliva, located in stomach of and just numb each ear (parotid glands), below the tongue in the floor of the mouth (sublingual glands), and below the jawbone (submandibular glands).

Risk factors: Radiation to the head and neck, either from logical X-rays or from treatment for cancer or subsidiary conditions.

Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer occurs in the little, state-filled pockets in the bones in description to the nose and in the nasal cavity, the passageway from the nose to the throat.

Risk factors: Exposure to some industrial materials, including dust from wood or nickel. Use of tobacco and alcohol may produce a consequences a lesser role than in new oral, head, and neck cancers.

Nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancers occur in the pharynx, an concerning five-inch-long hollow tube that leads from the nose to the esophagus and the trachea. The pharynx has three parts:

The nasopharynx is the upper portion just at the in the future the nose.
The oropharynx is the center share that includes the base of the tongue, the soft palate, the sides and by now happening happening of the throat, and the tonsils.
The hypopharynx is the degrade allocation of the pharynx.
Risk factors:
Nasopharyngeal cancer: Asian ancestry, particularly Chinese. Infection as soon as Epstein-Barr virus, ventilation to wood dust, and consumption of some preservatives or salted foods.

Oropharyngeal cancer: Potential but not proven risk factors attach poor oral hygiene, HPV infection, and use of mouthwashes later high alcohol content.

Hypopharyngeal cancer: Having a rare illness called Plummer-Vinson Syndrome, which is stage reveal Paterson-Kelly Syndrome.

Laryngeal cancer occurs in the larynx, a.k.a. the voice crate. The larynx includes the vocal cords and the epiglottis, a piece of tissue that moves to cover the trachea (windpipe) during swallowing.

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