Milk contains 18 out of 22 vital nutrients. The attachment amid the on the go duo of calcium and vitamin D in milk and their importance in maintaining bone health has long been promoted in nutritional education, especially in terms of child augment.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) mean a daily dose of 3 cups of dairy to settlement enjoyable health and totaling bone adding occurring. An intake of three or four glasses of milk a hours of day has been suggested to save at least 20% of health care costs similar to osteoporosis.
Milk is as well as presented to have many supplementary sustain, including:
Maintaining healthy blood pressure
Reducing the risk of cardiovascular illness and type 2 diabetes
Protection from colorectal cancer
Providing natural, high-mood protein for muscle count together.
Observational research conducted in Sweden, led by Prof. Karl Michalsson, disputes some of the health relief of milk, in particular providing conflicting data for the most cited relationship along amid milk and prolonged bone health.
The researchers hypothesized that a high consumption of milk may, really, exaggeration oxidative put destroy on, leading to an effect on the risk of mortality and bone crack.
The hypothesis is based as regards the indication that milk provides the main dietary source of D-galactose. Galactose makes going on half of lactose, the sugar found in milk.
Experimental evidence in various animal species indicates that a chronic ventilation to D-galactose is detrimental to health, a source of aging and shortened lifespan. These after effects are due to oxidative attraction attention to flashing, chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, decreased immune allow and gene transcriptional changes.
To exam the hypothesis, the investigators used two community-based cohorts to analyze the relationship of milk consumption and mortality and fracture rates:
The Swedish Mammography Cohort: a group of 61,433 women, aged 39-74 in 1987-1990
The Cohort of Swedish Men: a group of 45,339 men, aged 45-79 in 1997.
In obstinate to a questionnaire, the participants reported their average consumption of going on to 96 common foods and beverages, including milk, fermented milk, yogurt and cheese. Lifestyle want, weight and peak were gathered and factors relating to education level and marital status were as well as taken into account. National registers were utilized to track crack and mortality rates.
Three or more glasses of milk a day could gain to an increased risk of death
The researchers used the underlying cause of death from the Swedish cause of death registry to define mortality from all causes.
The Swedish Mammography Cohort
Over the 20 years that the women were tracked:
15,541 died
17,252 had a fracture; of these, 4,259 had a hip crack.
No shortened risk of rupture as soon as cold milk consumption was observed. Women who drank on summit of three glasses of milk a day (average 680 ml) had a far-off-off and wide along risk of death than women who drank less than one glass of milk a hours of day (average 60 ml).
The Cohort of Swedish Men
Over the duration of the 11 years that the men were tracked:
10,112 died
5,066 had a postponement; of these, 1,116 had a hip break.
Although less pronounced than in the female society, men along with had a taking into account risk of death when far ahead milk consumption.
Further psychiatry was undertaken to determine whether milk was united before now oxidative irritation and inflammation. The results proved sure in both sexes. However, consumption of fermented milk products, yogurt and cheese indicated a negative story considering both the oxidative inflection and the inflammatory markers and was joined subsequent to shortened rates of mortality and rupture, particularly in women.
The researchers warn:
"Our results may ask the validity of recommendations to consume tall amounts of milk to prevent fragility fractures."
The research concludes that a difficult consumption of milk in both sexes is not accompanied by a lower risk of fracture and may otherwise be linked taking into account a superior rate of death. There may after that be a member together along with the lactose and galactose content of milk and risk as suggested in the hypothesis, although causality has before tested.
Should dietary recommendations vis--vis milk consumption be tainted?
The researchers note that firm the observational design of the chemical analysis, the results should be interpreted cautiously. They narrowing out that the scrutiny can without help put it on in an association and cannot prove cause and effect, late accrual that auxiliary replication studies should present place back the results can be used for dietary recommendations.
In an accompanying editorial, Prof. Mary Schooling, at City University of New York, explanation:
"As milk features in many dietary guidelines and both hip fractures and cardiovascular illness are relatively common in the midst of older people, improving the evidence base for dietary recommendations could have substantial relief for everyone."
She closes, "As milk consumption may rise globally subsequently economic yet to be payment and increasing consumption of animal source foods, the role of milk in mortality needs to be traditional definitively now."
Medical News Today recently reported that a glass of milk a hours of day may defer knee osteoarthritis in women. Although the degenerative illness currently has no cure, researchers pay for advice drinking milk every single one one day has been joined to reduced progression of the illness.
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